Organizations and individuals who violate Vietnam’s personal data protection law may face administrative sanctions, criminal prosecution, and must compensate for any damage caused. Administrative fines are: up to 10 times the revenue from buying or selling personal data; up to 5% of the organization’s previous year's revenue for cross-border data transfer violations; and up to 3 billion VND for other violations. If there is no revenue or the calculated fine is lower than 3 billion VND, the 3 billion VND fine applies. Individuals pay up to one-third of the organizational fine for the same violation.